Wagner Research and Production Company
Welcome to the website of the research and production company "Wagner"!
The main activities of the company are:
- Research, development of effective water treatment and water purification technologies using advanced filtering materials and membrane technologies.
- Design, manufacture, installation, maintenance of industrial reverse osmosis systems "Wagner".
- Design, production, installation and maintenance of water treatment systems for enterprises.
- Design, production, installation and maintenance of water treatment systems for private homes.
Industrial water treatment
Any production activity is an organization with increased resource consumption, and water is of paramount importance, as it is required not only to serve the needs of people, but also in the operation of various mechanisms for which may not be suitable for water suitable for humans. Therefore, the system of water treatment at enterprises is one of the life-supporting, and often these systems can number several - each for specific needs.
Water quality requirements for industrial water treatment
Each industrial application requires a different degree of water purification. There are no general requirements for the composition of water used in industry. For example, industrial water must not contain suspended solids. For the food industry, industrial water must not contain hardness salts.
The water used for cooling must first be mechanically cleaned. The presence of coarse impurities will clog the tubes. Organic compounds are unacceptable because they can form deposits on the surface of the equipment and promote bacterial growth. The presence of calcium and magnesium salts is also controlled. Exceeding the permissible threshold makes the water too hard and scaling occurs. The equipment is subject to corrosive deposits, which is strictly forbidden.
For boiler plants, the feed water is subject to the strictest regulations. It must not contain any trace elements and hardness salts. The presence of any concentrations of minerals leads to equipment breakdown by scaling and settling on various elements of components. In boiler rooms, water is heated and steam is released, so the feed water must be practically empty. Each segment in industry has its own water requirements. For example, for the production of alcoholic beverages there is the regulation TI-10-04-03-09-88. For non-alcoholic TI-10-5031536-73-10. For the electronics industry OST 11.029.003-80 and so on. Each document clearly specifies the range of trace elements that can be contained in water. Exceeding these indicators is inadmissible, as well as their insufficient concentration. In addition to the content of a certain number of compounds, the regulations specify the acid-alkaline balance of water and other important indicators.
For a better example, we can categorize the degree of water purification by item:
- Drinking water. SanPiN 2.1.4.1074-01. Used in the manufacture of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, as well as for the needs of employees of the enterprise.
- Distilled water. GOST 6709-72. Used in the chemical industry, printing, laboratories. The key indicator is electrical conductivity.
- Deionized. It is used in the electronics industry and in technological stages of production. The standards are rather floating, adjusted to the specific task. The main criterion is electrical resistance.
- Ultrapure. It is used in the manufacture of microchips. The main indicator is the minimum content of salt compounds.
- Special. Used in boiler rooms, galvanic production. The presence of impurities is regulated on site for a particular application.
Purpose and scope of application of industrial water treatment systems.
Speaking about the maintenance of water resources at large enterprises, it is necessary, first of all, to designate the spheres of their activity, and this is nothing less than almost all key industries:
- medicine and pharmacology;
- cosmetic production;
- food industry;
- electronics;
- energy.
Fig. 1 Water treatment system for the food industry
3. Industrial water treatment for water bottling production.
Several methods are used to produce bottled water. The main qualities of such products are safety and absence of sediment. Several groups of treatment methods can be distinguished.
1. Using loading. This method involves purification using sorption, ionic filters. Sand can be used as a load. The system itself is a container filled with a certain filling. Passing through it, the water leaves impurities. As a rule, one type of feed cleans one type of impurity. If the source water contains several types of compounds, the columns with loads are arranged in order. For example, ionic filter cleans from calcium and magnesium salts, carbon filter from organics, catalytic loads from iron impurities. If the primary water has a high concentration of trace elements, chemicals are added. The disadvantage of this method is the periodic filling of the load with impurities. With untimely purification, the quality of water at the outlet changes, which is unacceptable in production. Therefore, it is necessary to be sure to monitor the frequency of filter regeneration and timely replacement. Also take to analyze the resulting water to check for the absence of undesirable components. The method is quite effective, if you do not forget to check the filling substance.
2. Using a membrane. The membrane method removes most trace elements. Reverse osmosis systems purify water to distilled water. Nanofiltration allows some types of salts through, but in very small amounts. With the membrane method, the water will be steadily purified, the ingress of harmful trace elements is almost impossible. Such fine purification does not involve the use of reagents, which means that the method is very environmentally friendly. At the end of its service life, the membrane is washed, renewing its properties or changed to a new one. The method is very effective and gives a guarantee of quality water purification.
4. Industrial water treatment for boiler plants.
The main function of boiler water treatment is to completely remove hardness salts and other elements that can cause deposits on the equipment. If scale or corrosion appears on the elements, it will lead to overheating and failure of the entire boiler room. For the correct operation of all equipment, it is necessary to follow the exact sequence of water treatment stages. First, mechanical particles are removed, then deironing and hardness reduction by removing calcium and magnesium salts. Next comes deaeration and correction of the acid-alkaline balance. Different methods are used for all these purposes.
The first stage is limited to mechanical treatment. It is more of a pretreatment of the water. If the source water does not have a transparent color and extraneous odors are present, a sorption filter is used. The loading can be quartz sand or charcoal. Next, deferrization is necessary. For this purpose, deferrizers filters are installed. It can be a loading method or a membrane method. If the concentration of iron is too high, reagents are used. One of the safest methods is ozonization. The next step is water softening. The method of reverse osmosis, ion exchange, electromagnetic waves is used. With the help of reverse osmosis, in addition to removing calcium and magnesium salts, there is deaeration. And at the final stage, certain substances are added to the water to correct the water balance. All stages of water treatment are carefully checked and adjusted if necessary.
Fig. 2 Water deferrization system
Types of industrial water treatment systems.
Deironing and demanganization, desalination, aeration.
This type of industrial water treatment is used in many spheres of human activity, especially where the main and primary task is the absence of scale, rust, lime scale on the working surfaces of the mechanism.
All water for heat and power industry and housing and communal services goes through the process of getting rid of metals and salts, as they, even in minimal quantities, when interacting with air give a rapid and irreversible oxidation effect, forming a heavy sediment, characteristic brown turbidity of water and, accordingly, undesirable growths that can cause blockages and breakdowns of equipment. The process is accelerated if high temperatures are involved: heating, friction, vaporization. Also of high importance for industrial clean water is the absence of additional gases, especially carbon dioxide. Due to excessive gassing with the growth of salt, metal deposits, high pressure can be formed, which leads to cracks or ruptures in the body of tanks and pipes.
However, you don't have to go far for an example: we all know what kind of water can be in the tap, if the voltage in the water supply system jumps, disturbing the usual flow of water: the increased flow washes out rust and plaque from the walls of pipes - this is what happens if you do not closely monitor the process of deferrization of water. On an industrial scale, such clogs and debris can be fatal to the life of the machine, obliging the owner to constantly turn to repair and purchase new equipment due to its increased wear and tear.
Fig. 3 Water deferrizer filter
Fig. 4 Schematic diagram of the complex water treatment system based on coagulants
Reverse osmosis.
One of the most common water purification methods for high-tech and modern industries is reverse osmosis.
The secret of its relevance is simple: water under high pressure passes through a semi-permeable membrane with a diameter of only a few microns. The result is a completely sterile H2O composition devoid of any impurities.
Given that water is an excellent conductor, its impeccably pure version is actively used in the creation of microchips, computers, nano-equipment, including military and space equipment, as well as in pharmacology.
In short, wherever perfect mathematical precision down to the molecular level is required, the water produced by the efforts of a reverse osmosis plant works.
It is quite an expensive process, as the RO membrane is of a high-tech type of production, in addition, it requires a large amount of energy to maintain it. More specifically, for the pump that creates high pressure to force water through the membrane. By the way, to keep the membrane in working condition longer, reagents are actively used for its cleaning.
Ozonation of water.
Ozonation is the process of exposing water to ozone gas, which has excellent bactericidal properties.
If in the first type of purification we talked about the elimination of the main part of physical and chemical contaminants, and in the second case, where we are talking about reverse osmosis, we labeled the resulting water as completely sterile, in the case of ozonation we have water that is close to the ideal parameters for human consumption.
In medicine, water that has gone through ozonation is used as a remedy for inflammatory and purulent processes, and in nutrition ozonated water is used as a thirst quencher, recommended in therapeutic and tonic needs.
Thanks to the work of ozone, which destroys all biological and non-biological harmful structures, the water nevertheless retains the beneficial trace elements necessary for the normal functioning of the body.
It is worth knowing that ozone is a dangerous and expensive gas, especially on an industrial scale. Its accumulation can lead to an explosion, so an ozonization plant should be included in the list of specially controlled facilities.